ESalem, eMassachusetts, umfanekiso wobugqwirha ukho kuyo yonke indawo — ude ubonakale nakwiibheji zedolophu namapolisa. Ewe le ndawo yexesha lobukoloniyali ye-hysteria yimagnethi yanamhlanje yazo zonke izinto zeHalloween, unyaka wonke. I-Psychics kunye nekhadi leetarot abafundi bayagxalathelana ukuya edolophini, kwaye kukho iindwendwe ezininzi neziporho kunye nezindlu ezihanjiswayo. Ungathethi ke ngeengcali zeWicca. Amagqwirha akho kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye akasoze abe ngaphezulu kwenyanga ka-Okthobha.
Kodwa xa kufikwa kwiHalloween, iSalem inomphefumlo owahluliweyo: Idolophu kufuneka izichaze njani izilingo zobugqwirha ezazidume kakubi ngonyaka we-1692? Ngaba kufuneka zikhunjulwe ngovuyo ezindlwini ezinabantu abaninzi, okanye zicingisiswe ngokunyanisekileyo kwiimyuziyam ezizolileyo? Imyuziyam yasePeabody Essex inditsalele eSalem ukuze ndibone indlela uphuhliso olunokuthi luyitshintshe ngayo le dolophu. Ndandinomdla ke nam, ndiyinzala kaWinifred Benham, owayetyholwa (waze wafunyanwa engenatyala) ngobugqwirha eNew Haven, eConnecticut, ngo-1692. Ndazibuza ukuba lingakanani na igumbi lesithsaba sabakhenkethi baseSalem & apos; Umtsalane uzinikezele kwizilingo zamagqwirha? Ngaba uSalem wayekulungele ukwamkela isazisi esitsha, esikhule ngakumbi?
Iphiko elitsha elingenamikhono kwi-Peabody Essex, eyilwe ngumakhi wase-Israeli u-Moshe Safdie, iphindaphinde indawo yemyuziyam kunye ne-apos; I-Peabody Essex & apos; iiholo ezintsha ezingama-27 zibonisa ingqokelela yeklasi yokuqala yobugcisa baseAsia kunye nabaseMelika baseMelika, imisebenzi yaselwandle kunye nemisebenzi yokuhombisa, kunye nokufota. Kodwa akukho nto kwizilingo.
Ngokombono wethu, izilingo zobugqwirha zowe-1692, ngelixa isiganeko sokwenzeka kwimbali yaseMelika, sixelela inxenye encinci yebali elibanzi nelityebileyo laseSalem, utshilo isithethi semyuziyam uGregory Liakos. Abanye ababukeleyo bayakugxeka ukungabinamdla kwilifa lokulingwa-ngakumbi kuba imyuziyam ingumgcini wamaphepha okuqala olingo. 'I-Peabody Essex inoxanduva lokuba ngumgcini wentlalontle, utshilo uFrances Hill, umbhali-mbali kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi malunga nezilingo zeSalem, kubandakanya Umfundi wovavanyo lweSalem Witch. Ayenzi loo nto. Ngelishwa, isithuba sizaliswa ngamashishini orhwebo. '
Ngo-1982, i-Salem (eyazibiza ngokuba sisiXeko saseWitch, okanye enye, i-Bewitching Seaport) yasungula i-'Hununted Happenings, 'uthotho lweziganeko eziguqule idolophu yaba yindawo edumileyo yeHalloween. Le dolophu inoMthakathi osemthethweni, uLaurie Cabot, oqhuba ivenkile ebizwa ngokuba yiThe Cat, Crow kunye neCrown, ePickering Wharf, indawo yokuthenga engaphambi kwamanzi.
Ukuchaza ukuba kwenzeka njani ukuba uSalem achongwe kufutshane nabathakathi, uAlison D & apos; Amario, umlawuli wezemfundo kwiZiko loLondolozo lwembali laseSalem, wakhomba kwimbali 'yolingo olukhulu'. 'Inomtsalane omkhulu ebantwini, utshilo.
Kwaye ulungile: yile, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ibali elikhuthaze umdlalo ka-Arthur Miller & apos; I-Crucible. Ngobusika bowe-1692, iqela lamantombazana laqala ukubonisa iimpawu — ukulunga, ukuncwina, nemibono — nto leyo eyakhokelela kugqirha wasekuhlaleni ukuba azichaze 'phantsi kwesandla esikhohlakeleyo.' Baqala ukubathiya amagama: Tituba. USara olungileyo. USara Osborne. Aba bafazi babengamagqwirha, zatsho iintombazana. Abarhanelwa babanjwa babanjwa, kwaye oko kwaveza uthotho lwezityholo ezisasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi ezingqonge i-Essex County. USara Good waxhonywa ngoJulayi 19, 1692. Usana lwakhe olungachazwanga ngegama luswelekele ejele, njengoSara Osborne. UTituba, ikhoboka laseMelika laseMelika umphathiswa wasekhaya uSamuel Parris, wakhululwa emva kokuvuma ubugqwirha. Ngexesha lokugqitywa kwetyala, babengama-20 abantu ababebulewe kwaye abali-150 babevalelwe, abahlanu kubo bafa belindele ukuthethwa kwetyala labo.
Iinjongo zeMyuziyam yamagqwirha kukubonisa ezi ziganeko ngendlela enembeko kwaye ifikelelekayo, ngokwe-D & apos; Amario. 'Kukho amaxwebhu afundwayo, utshilo, ebhekisa kumaphepha okuqala ePeabody Essex. 'Eyona nto ityelelwa ngumtyeleli yinto engxamisekileyo.' Imyuziyam yobugqwirha inikezela umboniso obaliswayo kumanqanaba ali-12, ebonisa imiboniso evela kulingo. Amanani obungakanani bobomi kwizinxibo zexesha abonisa abalinganiswa abaphambili. Emva kokukhanya kwezibane, i-intones-in-narrator intones-low-voiced, 'Do you believe in witches?' Umculo we-Eerie udlala ngasemva. 'Uloyiko yayiyimozulu,' utsho ingxelo. 'Umtyholi wayeyinkosana yobumnyama, kwaye wayekuyo yonke indawo.' Kwaye njalo, melodramatic.
Umxholo wepaki yomxholo ugcinwa kwiMyuziyam yaseSalem yaBathakathi kunye nabaselwandle, apho umfanekiso wendoda enqunyulwe intloko uphethe intloko yayo enegazi ibulisa iindwendwe ngo-Okthobha (nangona izigcawu zangaphakathi ziyamangalisa) nakwiMyuziyam yase-Witch Dungeon. isandi sokukhala kwemimoya.
Ngokuchasene nayo yonke le theatre, iimeko zokubonisa kwithala leencwadi i-Peabody Essex & apos Phillips Library-ngokuhambelana nemyuziyam kunye ne-apos; indlela jikelele-inikezela ngonyango olomileyo noluphando lwezilingo, zibonisa amaxwebhu okuqala kunye nezinto zakudala. Indlu yeWalem Witch House ekufutshane nayo kuphela eSalem enonxibelelwano ngqo kwizilingo. Kulapho umantyi wavavanya khona abanye babamangaleli 'ngobungqina obubonakalayo' — ukumakishwa komzimba ekuthiwa kwenziwa ngumtyholi, njengamabala, imikrwelo, okanye amanxeba. Ngokufanayo isitshixo esisezantsi sisikhumbuzo seSalem Witch Trials Memorial. Ecaleni kweNdawo yokuDala iOld Burying Point, eSalem & apos; amangcwaba amadala, isikhumbuzo sakhiwa ngenxa yeso sigxina samatyala, ngo-1992. Isakhiwo sayo esincinci, esenziwe ngabayili bezakhiwo uMaggie Smith noJames Cutler, sikhumbuza iMaya Lin & apos; iVietnam Veterans Memorial IWashington, DC Amagama abafileyo abhalwe kwiibhentshi zamatye ezizodwa, ngalinye linomhla wokubulawa. Kwisikhumbuzo nakwindawo yokungena, izibongozo zabamsulwa zikrolwe ecaleni kwendlela. 'Kuba ubomi bam busezandleni zakho ngoku.' 'Ndimsulwa ngokupheleleyo kobu bubi.' 'Andililo igqwirha.' Ngequbuliso, ukungeniswa okupheleleyo komntu kwimbali emnyama yaseSalem & apos; ihlasela ikhaya. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-300 eyadlulayo, isalamane sam sasinda, kodwa abanye bafa. Kwaye ngoba, ngaphandle kwaso nasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kokudibana namathuba phakathi kokufikisa kunye nokutshutshiswa. I-alchemy enetyhefu.
Kujikeleze idolophu kwezi ntsuku, kukho uluvo lotshintsho. 'Isixeko sizama ukungabi ngamagqwirha kancinci, utshilo uJoan Brennan, umnini wevenkile yeT-shirt edolophini yaseSalem ebizwa ngokuba yiWitch Tee & apos; s. 'Abafuni i-hocus-pocus ivenkile kuyo yonke indawo.' Abanye baphikisa umba wokuba izinto ziyatshintsha nangayiphi na indlela ngabom. Andazi ukuba ungayimisa njani umthetho, 'iD & apos; Amario yeMyuziyam yamagqwirha ithi. U-Salem, watsho, akafani neWilliamsburg, eVirginia, idolophu yobukoloniyali eyabuyiselwa ngoncedo lukaJohn D. Rockefeller Jr. kwii-1920s & ampos; s. ISalem sisixeko esikhulayo. Indawo eyaqala ukutyelelwa ngu-Arthur Miller ngo-1952 ukuyokwenza uphando ngomdlalo wakhe ('idolophu ekulandelwa kuyo ngelo xesha, eneefektri ezishiyiweyo kunye neevenkile ezingenamntu' yindlela ayichaze ngayo kamva) akusekho. Kuyaphithizela zizithuthi kunye nabakhenkethi kwaye, enkosi kuPeabody Essex, umbono omtsha wamathuba andisiweyo.
UBARBARA BENHAM unikela rhoqo kwi Ukuhamba + Ukuzonwabisa.
IINYANISO
Akufuneki ukuba, iHalloween yenza le nyanga ukuba ibe liphezulu eSalem.
WAHLALA PHI
Ihotele i Hawthorne Idolophu & apos; s kuphela ihotele enenkonzo epheleleyo. Nge-31 ka-Okthobha ihotele ibambe ibhola yesinxibo. Ukuphindaphinda kabini kwi- $ 169. ISIHLOKO SE-WASHINGTON SQUARE W .; 800 / 729-7829 OKANYE 978 / 744-4080; www.umhawnline.com
Uzuko lwasekuseni Indawo yokulala nesidlo sakusasa Amagumbi amane eendwendwe kwindlu yaseGeorgia Federal, uhambo olufutshane ukusuka eSalem Harbour. Ukuphindaphinda kabini kwi- $ 150. 22 HARDY ST.; Ngo-978 / 741-1703; www /
IIMBALI ZEEMBALI
Imyuziyam yasePeabody Essex EMPUMA INDIA SQUARE; 978-745-9500 okanye 866-745-1876; www.pem.org
Imyuziyam yaseSalem Witch 19 1/2 WASHINGTON SQUARE N .; Ngo-978 / 744-1692; www.salemwitchmuseum.com
Imyuziyam yaseSalem Wax yamagqwirha kunye nabaselwandle I-288 DERBY ST .; Ngama-800 / 298-2929; www.salemwaxmuseum.com
Imyuziyam yoLingo loMlingo I-16 LYNDE ST .; Ngo-978 / 741-3570; www.witchdungeon.com
Indlu yaseSalem Witch 310 ESSEX ST .; Ngo-978 / 744-8815; www.salemweb.com/witchhouse
Isikhumbuzo sovavanyo lweSalem Witch INKULULEKO ST. KWITSHALA ST.