Izihlalo zeenqwelomoya zitshintshe kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka, kodwa indaleko yabo ayisiyiyo nje ngenxa yeendlela zeminyaka.

U-PJ ​​Wilcynski, ongumlingane ka-Boeing ongumlingane kwezobuchwephesha kunye no-Payloads oyili oyintloko, uye wabona ubungqina benkqubela phambili yokwakha i-cabin ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini kwaye wemba kwindawo yokugcina imbali yase-Boeing ukuze babelane ngemifanekiso eyodwa yezihlalo zeenqwelomoya ngaphambili Ukuhamba + Ukuzonwabisa.

Isihlalo senqwelomoya sasinesiqalo esithobekileyo esingaphezulu nje kokuqokelelwa kwezitulo zewicker ezibotshelelwe phantsi. Ngasekupheleni kwee-20s, ezi zitulo zi-wicker zazifakwe ulusu kunye neephedi zokuzenza zincinci kancinci.

Isikhumba sasithandwa kakhulu kuba sasivumela ukuba bazisule ngokulula izitulo ngenxa yomsizi ovela kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya kunye neenqwelomoya ezinothuli apho inqwelo moya yayiza kuthi khona ngeentsuku zokuqala, utshilo uWilcynski.

Babe uphuculo ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-30 kunye nezihlalo ze-aluminium-ityhubhu, iibhanti ezixineneyo ezenziwe ngethwathwa, ukugoba okujiyileyo, kunye nezembozo zevelvet.

Ukusuka ngo-1939 ukuya ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40, iBoeing 314 Stratoliner, isikhephe esihamba ngenqwelo moya esingu-314 Clipper, iBoeing 377 Stratocruiser, kunye neDouglas DC-3 ukuya kwi-DC-6 babonakalisa iinjongo zamabhanoyi zokwenza iinqwelomoya amava okuhamba obutofotofo .

Bekukho izihlalo eziguqulwe zaba ziibhedi ze ukulala kwiindiza zasebusuku kwaye amabhanti ezihlalo afumene ukuphuculwa ukusuka kwimitya eshinyeneyo yesikhumba ukuya kwenye into kufutshane neentlobo zebhanti zamalaphu ezibotshiweyo esizibonayo kwiinqwelomoya namhlanje. Iinkcukacha ezingakumbi zokuhombisa zenze ukuba ngaphakathi kwinqwelomoya kube ngathi ligumbi lokuhlala.

I-Boeing's 377 Stratocruiser ukusuka kwi-1949 yayinezitepsi ezijikelezayo ngasemva kwenqwelomoya eyanika abakhweli ithuba lokungena kwigumbi lokuhlala elisezantsi zolule imilenze kunye nokuhlalisana. Kwakukho neebhedi ezantsi ezantsi zokulala.

Izihlalo zeStratocruiser zikwazise izinto ezintsha zokuthuthuzela, kwaye iBoeing yathatha inxaxheba kolu phuculo loyilo.

Ezi zihlalo zibekwe kwizibhambathiso ezothusayo ukunciphisa ukungcangcazela okusuka kwabaqhubi, utshilo uWilcynski. Xa uzijongile, awuboni phuhliso lukhulu kumanqanaba aphezulu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo bekukho ukungqengqa kwaye bekukho isitulo seenyawo esasivela esihlalweni.

Izihlalo zazenzelwe iklasi enye-abo banako uyakwazi ukubhabha - kude kube semva kwexesha- ‘50s nasekuqaleni- ’60.

IPan Am 707 yowe-1959 yayiyenye yeenqwelo-moya zokugqibela esazizisa kwiklasi enye yenkonzo phambi kokungeniswa kweklasi yabakhenkethi, utshilo uWilcynski. Into enomdla kukuba nasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-50 uyabona ukuba ezi zihlalo bezingenazo iitafile zetreyi ngasemva. Njengoko ndiqonda, izidlo beziphakwa ngokubeka umqamelo emathangeni akho kunye netreyi ebekwe emqamelweni.

Izihlalo ezikwiklasi enye eneklasi ezintlanu ePan Am 707 zaziziisentimitha ezili-19 ububanzi, kodwa ayizizo zonke izihlalo zenqwelomoya ezazithethelele esinqeni.

Ukuphuhliswa kweklasi yabakhenkethi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-50, ubone ukuqaliswa kwezihlalo ezithandathu ezinama-intshi ayi-17.2-intshi ebanzi kathathu. Yayibhalwe ngo-707, ngama-727, nangama-737, utshilo uWilcynski.

Xa i-747 yangenela inkonzo ngo-1970, yayinezihlalo ezilithoba-izihlandlo ezithathu - kathathu, ikota kunye nomqolo ophindwe kabini. Oku kuthetha ukuba izihlalo bezibanzi - kodwa oko akuzange kuhlale.

Ngenxa yotshintsho kubume bemali yokuhamba, iinqwelomoya ezininzi zaya ngokukhawuleza kwi-10, utshilo uWilcynski. Imilenze yayiqinile nayo. Ngelixa uninzi lweenqwelomoya zokuqala zaziswa nge-34 okanye i-intshi ezingama-33 intshi, zakhawuleza zaya kwi-intshi ye-32-intshi. Kwaye ndinobungqina bokuqala kwe-747-200s yeenqwelo moya zokuqala ezazisebenza kwi-intshi ye-31-intshi.

Kodwa i-747 ngokuqinisekileyo yayiyi-trendsetter ngeendlela ezilungileyo.

I-747 yayiyeyokuqala ukuba ivale imigqomo eqengqelekayo yentsimbi, ethe yaqhuba kwiimodeli zanamhlanje, utshilo uWilcynski. Kwakunjalo nge-747 apho inkqubo ye-multiplex yaziswa, ngomnxeba womlindi kunye nokufunda ukusebenza kokukhanya. Yayiyinkqubo ebonelela ngokulalelwayo kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya oyiphulaphuleyo, kunye neetyhubhu zomoya ezixhume kwindawo yokubamba iingalo.

I-747 ikwanendawo yokuphumla ephezulu yabakhweli beklasi yokuqala.

Yayiyindawo ekhethekileyo kwaye yasibuyisela kwigumbi lokuhlala elisezantsi elaqala ngeStratocruiser, utshilo uWilcynski.

Ngeminyaka yoo-80s, kwabakho uphuculo oluncomekayo ababengekhe balubone abakhweli, kwaye oluqhuba uyilo lwezihlalo zeenqwelo-moya esihamba ngazo namhlanje.

Imigaqo emitsha yokhuseleko izihlalo ezifunekayo ukumelana ukuya kwi-16 ye-Gs yempembelelo (amaxesha ali-16 amandla omxhuzulane). Kwakukho nemimiselo emitsha yomlilo, eyakhokelela ekungenisweni kothintelo-lokuthintela umlilo kwii-moshi zezihlalo nakwiindwangu zekhabhathi ezigcina umlilo.

Ishishini lanamhlanje lokunethezeka kunye neenketho zokuhlala kwiklasi yokuqala zisandula ukwenzeka. Kude kube sekupheleni kweminyaka engama-90, kwaye nasekuqaleni kwee-00s, uninzi lweeklasi zepremiyamu zanikezela ngezihlalo zesitayela. Ukudityaniswa okutsha kuvunyelwe iigobolondo ezijikeleze izihlalo eziguqulweyo ukwenza iibhedi kunye nesuti yabucala.

Kwiklasi yezoqoqosho, kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kubonwe iinkqubo zokuzonwabisa zokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ezixhonyelwe ukuhlala emva, iindawo zombane, iitafile zetreyi ezinokulingana izixhobo zethu zombane, nokunye okuninzi.

Abaqulunqi basasebenza kuphuculo kwaye iBoeing iqalile ukuvelisa kwisizukulwana esilandelayo sendiza-i-777X ethembisa ixesha elitsha lokubhabha .

Ngelixa iinkcukacha zokuhlala zisaxinekile phantsi kwesongelo, siqinisekile ukuba ngekhe benziwe nge-wicker.