Ukupheka, izinja ezishushu, kunye nemisebenzi yomlilo zizinto nje ezimbalwa esinxibelelana ngazo nomhla wesine kaJulayi. Iholide yesizwe yamkelwe minyaka le ukukhumbula ukuTyikitywa kweNkongolo ye-Continental yeSibhengezo senkululeko ngoJulayi 4, 1776, eyanika amakoloni ali-13 inkululeko yawo kulawulo lwaseBritane. Kodwa njengoko uninzi lwamaMelika lwalubhiyozela, izigidi zamakhoboka amnyama zazikhoboka.
U-Abolitionist uFrederick Douglass wabiza uhanahaniso lweholide kwintetho yakhe Yintoni Kwikhoboka Ngumhla wesine kaJulayi? , yanikezelwa kwisihlwele sabantu abangama-600 ngoJulayi 5, 1852, kwiholo laseKorinte eRochester, eNew York. ILadies Anti-Slavery Society yaseRochester, eNew York, yammema ukuba athethe ngoJulayi wesine, kodwa wathetha ngolwesihlanu ukudelela iholide yesizwe, kunye nokukhumbula uJulayi 5, 1827-ukuphela kobukhoboka eNew York.
Intetho yakhe edumileyo isasebenza nangoku kuluntu lwase-Afrika naseMelika namhlanje, kanye njengoko bekunjalo phantse kwiinkulungwane ezimbini ezidlulileyo. Ukuze kuqondwe ukubaluleka kwentetho kaDouglass, bonke abantu baseMelika akufuneki bayiqonde kuphela le ndoda bayibhalileyo, kodwa baqonde nendlela eya eYurophu eyitshintshe kakhulu imbono yakhe kwaye yaqinisa ukuzimisela kwakhe ukuphelisa ubukhoboka eMelika.
Ibali eliBangela uMtshabalalisi
Ungeniso lweDayari kaFrederick Douglass ovela kuhambo kunye nomzobo kaFrederick Douglass Ityala: ILayibrari yeCongress, iCandelo leMibhalo ebhaliweyo, iFrederick Douglass Papers kwiThala leeNcwadi leCongress / eSchomburg yeZiko loPhando kwiNkcubeko eMnyama, kwiFoto nakwiPrint Division, kwiThala leNcwadi loLuntu laseNew YorkUnyana kaHarriet Bailey kunye nomlungu ongaziwayo, uFrederick Augustus Washington Bailey wazalwa ngoFebruwari 1818. Iminyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe wayichitha nomakhulu wakhe ongumama, uBetsy Bailey, eTalbot County, eMaryland. Kwaye nangona umama wakhe wayehlala kwisityalo esikwiikhilomitha ezili-12 ukusuka kubo, wayeza kumbona nje amaxesha ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba asweleke. Xa uDouglass wayeneminyaka emithandathu ubudala, wohlulwa kootatomkhulu noomakhulu kwaye wafuduselwa eWye House Plantation, apho uAaron Anthony (ekuthiwa ngutata wakhe) wayesebenza njengomveleli.
Ngo-1826, xa u-Anthony wadlula, uDouglass wanikwa usapho lakwa-Auld eBaltimore. USophia Auld wamfundisa oonobumba, kodwa umyeni wakhe wamisa ukufundiswa, esithi ukufunda nokubhala kuya kukhuthaza amakhoboka ukuba alangazelele inkululeko yawo. Kwiminyaka eyi-12 ubudala, uDouglass uqhubeke nokuzifundisa ngokufihlakeleyo indlela yokufunda nokubhala, kwaye yayikokokuqala ebomini bakhe ukuva malunga nababhali bezopolitiko.
UDouglass wayefuna indlela eyahlukileyo yobomi bakhe, kwaye nge-1 kaJanuwari, ngo-1836, wenza isithembiso sokuba uyakukhululeka ekupheleni konyaka. Ngelishwa, ngo-Epreli waloo nyaka, waphoswa ejele emva kokufunyanwa kwesicwangciso sakhe sokubaleka. Kuya kuba yiminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba uDouglass ekugqibeleni alandele kwisithembiso sakhe kuye. Ngelixa wayesebenza kwivenkile yeenqanawa eBaltimore, uDouglass wasaba esixekweni ngololiwe kunye ne-steamboat, kwaye akazange ayeke ade afike kwisiXeko saseNew York, apho waphinde wanxibelelana noAnna Murray, ikhoboka elalikhululwe wadibana nalo eBaltimore. Esi sibini sitshatile kwaye kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva, bahlala eNew Bedford, eMassachusetts. Umtshabalalisi kunye nenkosikazi yakhe bagqiba kwelokuba bamkele igama lokugqibela elithi Douglass kwimbongo ebalisayo, Inenekazi leLake, ngu-Sir Walter Scott. Yayiyintshukumo yokugcina umnini wamakhoboka wangaphambili kaDouglass. Ngelixa wayehlala eNew Bedford, uDouglass wayezimase iintlanganiso zabaphelisi-mthetho kwaye wenza ubuhlobo nommeli ophum 'izandla nowabelungu omhlophe, uWilliam Lloyd Garrison.
UDouglass waba ngumhlohli ophelisayo owayehamba emantla, esuka eMaine esiya eMichigan, etsala abaxhasi bokulwa ubukhoboka.
Ngo-1845, uDouglass wapapasha ingxelo yakhe yokuqala ngobomi bakhe, iNgcaciso yoBomi bukaFrederick Douglass, olikhoboka laseMelika. Abahlobo boyika ukuba ukubhengezwa kwale ncwadi kuya kutsala umdla kowayengumninimzi, uHugh Auld, owayenokucela ngokusemthethweni ukuba athathe impahla yakhe. Ke, kukhuseleko lwakhe, uDouglass wakhuthazwa ukuba aqalise uhambo oluya kutshintsha ubomi bakhe ngonaphakade.
Ungeniso lweDayari kaFrederick Douglass ovela kuhambo kunye nomzobo kaFrederick Douglass Ityala: ILayibrari yeCongress, iCandelo leMibhalo ebhaliweyo, iFrederick Douglass Papers kwiThala leeNcwadi leCongress / eSchomburg yeZiko loPhando kwiNkcubeko eMnyama, kwiFoto nakwiPrint Division, kwiThala leNcwadi loLuntu laseNew York