Amabhodlo amandulo aseJerash, eJordani, kudala esebenza njengodade omncinci kwisixeko esidumileyo sePetra.
Apho iPetra ibonakalise ubukhulu becala kuluhlu lwamabhakethi abahambi amashumi eminyaka- eyaziwa ngokwakhiwa kwamatye kunye neetempile zakudala- iJerash yayiyeyona nto iphambili, indawo yokugcwalisa umsantsa wokuhamba.
UJerash akufuneki ajongelwe ubungakanani bayo okanye ukungabonakali okuthe ngqo. Isixeko siquka indawo ethe tyaba yamabhodlo aseRoma, kubandakanya iindawo zemidlalo yeqonga ezimbini, itempile ka-Artemis, kunye neqonga elingqongwe ngaphezulu kweentsika ezili-100. Kwaye ngenxa yokunqongophala kwenqanaba leenkwenkwezi, le gem iyimfihlakalo ihlala ikhululekile kwizihlwele ezigcwele ePetra.
UJerash sesinye sezixeko zaseRoma ezigcinwe kakuhle kwihlabathi liphela, u-Eid Nawafleh, umlawuli olawulayo we Ukhenketho lwaseJordani kunye nohambo , uxelelwe Ukuhamba + Ukuzonwabisa , uqaphele ukuba yimizuzu engama-45 kuphela yokuqhuba ukusuka kwikomkhulu lase-Amman, ukuyenza ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokundwendwela abatyeleli bamanye amazwe.
Isixeko saseJerash sijamelene nomnye umqobo, kwaye ngumzabalazo ohlasela lonke ishishini lezokhenketho kweli lizwe. IJordani yabelana ngomda neSyria edlakazwe yimfazwe kwaye ebelilungu elidumileyo lomdibaniso okhokelwa yi-US elwa nombutho ogqithileyo owaziwa ngokuba liLizwe lamaSilamsi okanye i-ISIS, kutshanje eyenze ukuba ibe kukuhlaselwa kwe-ISIS UDisemba 2016 owabulala i-10 .
Amanani ezokhenketho ehle kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo- ezinye iingxelo ziqikelela ukuhla kwe Ipesenti ezingama-66 ukusukela ngo-2011 -Kodwa iingcali zokuhamba zinyanzelisa ukuba ilizwe likhuselekile kubakhenkethi.
IJordani ihlala ikhuselekile kukhenketho, utshilo uNawafleh. Abantu nanini na xa befika eJordani, bahlala beziva ukuba bakumakhaya abo, ngenxa yokwamkela iindwendwe okufudumeleyo kwabantu baseJordania.
Isango, iJerash, iJordani Ityala: Simone- / Getty Izithombe
Abaphengululi bezinto zakudala bafumana ubungqina bendawo yokuhlala eJerash kwangoko kwi-Bronze Age, eyaqala malunga ne-3,000 BC Indawo yokuhlala yaqala ukubonakala njengedolophu yanamhlanje ngexesha lamaGrike.
Usuku lukaJerash lokuphika ngokungathandabuzekiyo lwaqala kwiinkulungwane zokuqala ze-A.D phantsi koBukhosi baseRoma, xa ezona zakhiwo zibalaseleyo zesixeko zakhiwa phantsi koMlawuli uHadrian. Ngenxa yeempembelelo zamaGrike namaRoma, zilandelwa kamva kukunyuka kobuKristu kunye ne-Islam kwimimandla ejikelezileyo, isixeko esi sihlala sithelekiswa nePalmyra, iSyria ngokudibanisa iinkcubeko kunye noyilo loyilo.
Yayiyindawo enkulu yezizwe ngezizwe mandulo, ke ngoko kwakukho iitempile ezinkulu kunye nezitalato ezintle ezithandwayo- nantoni na onokuyilindela kwisixeko esikhulu saseRoma, uLisa Brody, Umdibanisi womgcini wobugcisa bamandulo yeYale Art Gallery, uxelele uT + L.
Ufumana umbono kwisixeko saseRoma kunye nendlela esiguquka ngayo sibe sisixeko saseByzantium, utshilo.
Inyikima yonakalise uJerash yaza yangcwaba amathambo ayo entlabathini Ngowama-749 A.D , nangona ababuyiseli bekwazile ukugcina nokwakha inani elingaqhelekanga lezakhiwo zoqobo. Umtsalane ophambili yiforamu ejikelezwe ziikholamu ezili-160, inika uJerash isiteketiso njengesixeko seentsika. '
Iitempile ezimbini, iithiyetha ezimbini, isitalato esinezakhiwo, i-agora kunye nomthombo woluntu zezinye zeempawu zesiza ezihambisa iindwendwe kubukumkani baseRoma. Abakhenkethi banokuthatha indawo yokukhokelwa kwezikhumbuzo kunye neendawo zonqulo, bezintywilisela kumxube weempembelelo ezenze ukuba iJerash ibe yindawo ekuyo namhlanje.
Ithiyetha, iJerash, neJordani Ityala: Peter Unger / Getty Izithombe
Lo mmandla ugcwele imbali yaseRoma, utshilo u-Omar Banihani, umphathi wentengiso we IBhodi yezoKhenketho eJordani . Inempucuko ezininzi eza nazo. Xa ukwisiza ufumana ukubona oko.
Uninzi lwesiza lusahleli lungaphandwanga, kwaye uBanihani uqaphele ukuba xa ujikeleza isiza, kulula ukuqaphela amaqhekeza odongwe asasazeke kumanxiwa, ebonisa ubuncwane obufihliweyo obusezantsi apha.
Idolophu ekufutshane ikwanikezela ngamathandabuzo wokubuk 'iindwendwe eJordani. Ime kwindawo eneentaba, iJerash yelixesha iyaziwa ngoomatshini bayo beminquma kunye neoyile yomnquma iindwendwe ezinokuzikhuphela kwiindawo zokutyela zalapha okanye zithenge ukuhamba ngorhwebo lwangaphandle. UBanihani ucebise ukuba kuthengwe isonka esishushu kwenye yeebhaka zokuba onwabele ngelixa uthatha uhambo.
Isixeko, Jerash, Jordan Ityala: Leonid Andronov / Getty Izithombe
Iindwendwe ezidlula eJordani kuphela ukubona uPetra ephoswa ngamava otyebileyo embali kunye nenkcubeko uJerash anikezela ngayo. IPetra ihlala iyindawo ekumele ukuba ibonwa ngakuye nawuphi na umhambi oya eJordani, njengoko ubuso bayo beentaba kunye neetempile ziye zabakhenketha kangangeenkulungwane. Kodwa ngeJerash ezingama-30 ukusuka kwikomkhulu, luhambo olulula losuku, nditsho nakubakhenkethi abanexesha elilinganiselweyo elizweni.
Abantu baqala ukucinga ukuba ilizwe alinanto yimbi ngaphandle kukaPetra, utshilo uBanihani. Ndicinga ukuba le yimfundo elula.
UPetra I-Petra, eboniswe apha, iyaziwa ngokwakhiwa kwamatye. | Ityala: I-Evason Ma'in Hot Springs Resort
UJerash ujongene nomceli mngeni owongezelelekileyo wokuba ukhenketho kwilizwe lonke liye lehla kwiminyaka eliqela edlulileyo, ngelixa umlo uqhubeka eSyria ekufutshane. Isebe likaRhulumente wase-U.S. Likhuphe isilumkiso sohambo Kwilizwe elilandela uhlaselo lukaDisemba.
Imibutho yabanqolobi, kubandakanya ne-Islamic State yase-Iraq kunye neLevant (ISIL), abaxhasi bayo, kunye nabaxhasi, baye baqhuba ngempumelelo uhlaselo eJordani kwaye baqhubeka nokwenza amayelenqe kwilizwe, ifunda isicatshulwa kwisilumkiso.
Ukulwa I-ISIS iye yajolisa ngakumbi e-Aleppo, eSyria naseMosul Iraq, nangona kunjalo-izixeko ezingamakhulu amabini eekhilomitha ukusuka eAmman.
I-Oval Plaza, iJerash, iJordani Ityala: Peter Adams / Getty Izithombe
Ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kweJordani kubundlobongela obukufuphi, amanye amaqela ezokhenketho abone ukubhukisha kwilizwe sele liqalisile ukuphinda-phinda.
Ukuhamba ngokungagungqiyo , Inkampani yezokhenketho ekhokelayo Iindwendwe ezili-14 ukuya eJordani , babone idiphu yokubhukisha ngo-2015 nango-2016, kodwa amanani abo kulo nyaka abone ukukhula okumandla.
Ukubhukisha e-US ukuya eJordani kwakunyuke ngeepesenti ezingama-80 ngaphezulu konyaka, ngokutsho komlawuli we-Intrepid waseMntla Melika uLeigh Barnes, ephawula ukwanda komdla kuJerash ngakumbi (ukhenketho lwabo ezisibhozo lwenza uhambo oluya kwisixeko sakudala).
Abantu abaneminyaka engama-25 ukuya kwengama-45 babenomdla ngakumbi eJordani, bejonge ikakhulu ukuhamba kwimimangaliso yendalo yelizwe.
Amanyathelo, Jerash, Jordan Ityala: Pavel Gospodinov / Getty Izithombe
Imbali kunye nobuhle obumangalisayo besixeko bungqinekile, kwaye uBarnes wathetha kamnandi ngobume obunyanzelekileyo bukaJerash. Kulungiselelwe abo banako ukumelana nobushushu bentlango yasehlotyeni laseJordani, iindwendwe ngoJulayi nango-Agasti zinokonwabela umnyhadala wenkcubeko kaJerash, ophethe imidlalo yeqonga ebibanjelwe kumabala emidlalo akudala.
Kukuthabathela emva kwixesha elithile emhlabeni. Inembali etyebe ngokwenene, u-Barnes uxelele u-T + L. Kuyamangalisa, kubonakala emehlweni.